Gluconeogenesis (Gluconeogenesis)

Gluconeogenesis is a biochemical process that allows the body to synthesize glucose from non-carbohydrate sources. This process is an important mechanism for maintaining blood glucose and provides the body with the necessary energy when there is a lack of carbohydrates.

Glucose is one of the main sources of energy for the body, and its presence in the blood must be maintained at a certain level. When there is a lack of carbohydrates, for example, during prolonged fasting or when the level of carbohydrates in the diet is reduced, the body begins to use alternative energy sources such as fats and proteins. However, in order to use these energy sources, they must be converted into glucose, since glucose is the only source of energy for some organs, such as the brain and red blood cells.

Gluconeogenesis occurs primarily in the liver and kidneys. It involves a series of biochemical reactions that convert certain metabolic intermediates such as lactate, pyruvate, glycerol and amino acids into glucose.

At the same time, gluconeogenesis is the reverse process to glycolysis, a biochemical pathway that breaks down glucose into simpler molecules. However, some reactions of gluconeogenesis differ from similar reactions of glycolysis, and cannot proceed “in the opposite direction.” Therefore, gluconeogenesis is an independent process that occurs in separate places within the cell and requires special enzymes and regulatory mechanisms.

Gluconeogenesis is an important process for maintaining normal blood glucose levels, especially in conditions of carbohydrate deficiency. This process allows the body to use alternative energy sources, such as proteins, while maintaining the necessary blood glucose levels to support vital processes.

Gluconeogenesis (gluconeoglycemia) is the formation of glucose from non-carbohydrates, as evidenced by the abundance of non-carbohydrate foods, as well as a decrease in the amount of sugar in the urine in this condition. In other words, the patient experiences acute hunger despite the availability of food. Most often accompanied by dry mouth. The appearance of hunger for the body in rest mode rarely exceeds 3-6 hours.

Gluconeogenesis is a biochemical reaction that occurs in humans and animals during the synthesis of glucose from non-hydrocarbon compounds (for example, amino acids). This reaction is important for maintaining a constant blood glucose concentration, since glucose is the body's main source of energy. It occurs primarily in the kidneys and liver, which convert various amino acids into pyruvate, a gluconeogen substrate.