Miscarriage

Miscarriage: causes and diagnosis

Miscarriage is the spontaneous termination of pregnancy from the moment of conception to 37 weeks. If an interruption occurs more than twice, it is considered habitual. Depending on the timing of the interruption, a distinction is made between spontaneous miscarriage (abortion) and premature birth.

One of the main causes of miscarriage is genetic factors. The group of genetic causes includes cases associated with the inferiority of the pregnancy itself, for example, chromosomal abnormalities that disrupt the development of the embryo. Most, but not all, miscarriages occur between the sixth and eighth weeks, and the expulsion of the dead embryo occurs 4 weeks later - between 10 and 12 weeks of pregnancy.

Uterine disorders can also cause miscarriage. Spontaneous termination of pregnancy may be associated with congenital anomalies of the uterine structure, intrauterine adhesions, scars, myomotic nodes that deform the uterine cavity. Miscarriage can be a consequence of induced abortion, chronic inflammation of the uterine mucosa.

Isthmic-cervical insufficiency (ICI) can also cause miscarriage. This condition results from trauma to the cervix during childbirth, abortion, or any impact on the cervix. In this case, normally the tightly closed neck is in a slightly open state. Because of this, during pregnancy the fetus cannot be retained in the uterine cavity and a miscarriage occurs.

Hormonal imbalances in a woman’s body can also lead to miscarriage. For the normal development of the embryo in the uterine cavity, complete preparation of the uterine mucosa for implantation (introduction of the embryo into the wall of the uterus) is necessary. Changes in the uterine mucosa during the menstrual cycle occur under the influence of sex hormones. Therefore, disruption of the formation of hormones in a woman’s body leads to miscarriage. Termination of pregnancy is also possible if the function of other endocrine organs is impaired: the thyroid gland, adrenal glands.

Infection of the mother's body can also cause miscarriage. Bacterial infections of the genital tract such as syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, mycoplasmosis, and ureaplasmosis can cause inflammatory processes in the uterus, which can lead to spontaneous abortion. Also dangerous are viral infections such as rubella, cytomeg

Miscarriage

Miscarriage (or preterm pregnancy) is the premature termination of a pregnancy before the fetus can survive outside the womb.

The reasons for miscarriage can be different. These include:

1. Hormonal disorders in women
2. Anatomical problems of the uterus and cervix
3. Chronic diseases of the mother
4. Infections
5. Genetic disorders in the fetus
6. Immunological incompatibility of mother and fetus
7. Lifestyle and behavioral factors (smoking, alcohol, drugs, stress)

Diagnosis of miscarriage includes a history, examination, and tests to identify possible causes. Treatment depends on the specific cause and may include hormonal therapy, antibiotics, surgery, and lifestyle changes.

The prognosis for miscarriage largely depends on the cause and timeliness of treatment. Modern methods make it possible in many cases to carry a pregnancy to term and give birth to a healthy child. However, in some cases the problem may recur in subsequent pregnancies.

Unwelcome is one of the most difficult and intimate issues in the life of every woman. Pregnancy failure is a serious complication in pregnant women that can lead to various health consequences for the mother and baby. Troubles associated with shallow gestation can occur at any stage of pregnancy, but are usually detected in the early stages of pregnancy. Almost every tenth woman