Gill arches are paired bony structures located on the neck of vertebrates. They play an important role in the formation of the respiratory and hearing organs.
Gill arches develop from two visceral arches, which are formed in the fifth week of embryogenesis. Each visceral arch gives rise to two branchial arches, which are located on the sides of the pharynx. During the development of the gill arches, they are divided into three parts: upper, middle and lower. The upper part becomes the basis for the development of the larynx, the middle part for the formation of the trachea and bronchi, and the lower part for the formation of the esophagus and other organs of the esophagus.
In humans, gill arches are preserved only on the back surface of the neck. They form cartilaginous rings that serve to secure muscles and ligaments. In addition, they participate in the formation of the thyroid gland and parathyroid glands.
It is important to note that the gill arches are a vulnerable area for injury and disease in the neck area. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor their condition and, if necessary, consult a doctor.