Retinal Angiopathy Hypertensive

Angiopathy is a degenerative change in the walls of the blood vessels of the eye, causing circulatory problems in the arterioles and capillaries. This disease is characterized by a violation of the permeability of blood vessels, in which they become brittle and fragile. During examination, the ophthalmologist observes hemorrhages, vascular networks and a mesh of small hemorrhages - petechial-diapedetic. This is another unfavorable factor that can lead to a decrease in visual function. Arterial hypertension - overdiagnosis, overtreatment, hyporeception. There are a lot of patients with this diagnosis. Antihypertensive drugs (all antihypertensive therapy

Angiopagia of the retina is a complex of alterative manifestations of altered vessels of the fundus of the eye. For retinal angiopathy, the main pathogenetic link is atherosclerosis. Angio - vascular pathology, retina angiopagia - vascular damage to the retina.

**Hypertension

**Retinal angiopathies (retinopathy)** are one of the most common causes of decreased vision in old age. The most common is angiopathic (hypertensive and venous) retinopathy.

Hypertensive retinopathy, which develops when blood pressure increases due to arterial hypertension (70% of cases), makes up the largest percentage of all retinal vascular pathology. This disease is one of the most common manifestations of uncomplicated (classical) arterial hypertension (AH).

**At the same time, in** ocular pathology, the course of hypertension is determined by the presence of elevated blood pressure. And the course of hypertension is a chronic disease that persists over time with an unclear outcome. In uncomplicated hypertension, the general condition of the patient suffers; as a rule, there are already a number of concomitant diseases. AG is important not only for ophthalmology, but also for other disciplines. This is why prevention, early detection and treatment of hypertension are so important for patients.

All cases of hypertensive retinopathy should be considered within the framework of chronic idiopathic hypertensive angiopathy (CIHA), despite a number of risk factors: family history, other metabolic disorders (obesity, diabetes mellitus, lipid profile and other non-metabolic risk factors).

The risk of vision loss occurs in patients over 40 years of age. According to epidemiological studies, the majority of patients (about 95%) are unaware of their diagnosis and condition. Approximately 5% of patients are periodically examined by a doctor and treated. Changes in the retina are detected from the very beginning of the disease or early angiosclerosis, which are detected by chance. There is a polymorphism of initial changes in the retina: the shape of the scotoma, the size of the zone of centrally located cone disorders, dystrophic changes. The most common lesions are the macular region and the macula.

Classification

In most patients, the disease develops gradually according to the pattern: “spot - spot (stripe,

- **Angiopathy** is a microscopic disturbance of the blood supply to individual areas or the entire retina. In this case, the integrity of the blood vessels is not compromised. As a result, some photoreceptors die, vision becomes foggy and blurry. - Local changes in the structure of retinal vessels differ, depending on what pathology contributed to the development of angiopathy. Such a violation of microcirculation occurs in pathological processes of the retina itself and in intraocular structures. - When a person carefully studies objects located at a distance or closely monitors the situation on the road, and also often wears contact lenses, there is a high risk of developing hypertensive angiopathy of the retina. The changes that cause it are chronic. There are other factors that significantly increase the likelihood of pathology:

- Diabetes. It impairs blood circulation in all internal organs, and the presence of factors that aggravate its course leads to the progression of visual impairment. - Connective tissue dysplasia, atherosclerosis in the area of ​​the ocular vessels. An increased amount of cholesterol is found in the blood.

**What is hypertensive angiopathy?**

These are diseases of the fundus of the eye. It occurs with a gradual increase in pressure in the capillaries - small vessels burst. Pathology needs to be treated to avoid complications.

These include swelling and inflammation of the retina (chorioretinitis), ischemia (insufficient blood supply to the retina),