Atrioventricular Foramen Right

The atrioventricular (AV) canal is the opening between the right atrium and the right ventricle of the heart. This hole is one of three holes that connect the chambers of the heart, and is one of two holes that connects the upper and lower chambers of the heart.

Atrioventricular openings can be either normal or abnormal. Normal AV orifices are located in the center of the right atrium and are shaped like a circle or oval. They ensure free flow of blood between the chambers of the heart and prevent overload of the right atrium.

If the AV opening is dilated or narrowed, it can lead to various heart diseases such as heart failure, arrhythmias, and others. Enlargement of the AV recess can be caused by various reasons, such as infection, trauma, or congenital heart defects.

Various methods can be used to treat widening of the AV recess, including surgical correction of the defect, drug therapy, and other treatments. However, the most effective treatment is to prevent the expansion of the AV holes, which is achieved through regular medical monitoring and timely treatment of diseases.

Thus, the AV orifice is an important element of the heart, which allows the free flow of blood and prevents the heart from being overloaded. If the AV hole is widened or narrowed, it can lead to serious heart problems, so regular medical examinations and preventative and treatment measures should be taken.

The atrioventricular orifices have an opening on the left side. On the ECG you can see the width of the QRS complex and monitor the correct location of the atrioventricular complex.

Pathology of the right atrium is determined when RR curves are less than 1.25 s with a cycle duration of more than 13 s. Due to this pathology, the strength of the impulse to excite the tricuspid foramen in the sinus node decreases, which leads to its blockade. With a normal P-wave, the width of the P-P complex is no more than 0.18 seconds. The appearance of a biphasic R-VV complex exceeding 0.20 sec indicates hypertrophy of the right atrium or valve leaflet disease.

If there are two P-pulses on the curve, this indicates a PR rhythm. To diagnose tachyarrhythmia, there are a number of signs that are indicated in the international recommendations for the diagnosis of tachyarrhythmias. Diagnosis of the chronic form of the PR rhythm is based on the occurrence of arrhythmia in old age, the presence of significant enlargement of the liver, shortness of breath during exercise, and frequent changes in the nature of clinical symptoms. PR arrhythmia is characterized by the presence of a “late impulse” syndrome (right bundle branch block), which manifests itself against the background of a narrow altered wave of ventricular extrasystole. The syndrome is caused by myocardial pathology of the right ventricle. In patients with this pathology, sinus rhythm is sometimes determined with a high heart rate of more than 90 - 120 beats per minute, which is a reaction to intoxication of the heart muscle. The main method for diagnosing “late stroke” syndrome is the use of electrocardiography synchronous with cardiac stimulation.

The “pacemaker search” technique consists of a sequential transition to stimulating different parts of the heart at a speed of 60 and then 12 mm per minute. Each new stimulation can be carried out until it is possible to stop the impulses from the electrode installed directly above the desired focus. The last entry characterizes the condition of the heart or has a pronounced depression of one of its parts (ventricles or atria). The density of myocardial depolarization decreases with each new stimulation until it stops. These data are a kind of marker for the development of neurocirculatory disorders. A decrease in the density of the depolarizing potential in the myocardium occurs for several reasons: a slowdown in the activation of most cells (pronounced depression of the pacemaker), the influence of previously contracted areas