Atropine

Atropine: Mechanism of action, application and side effects

Atropine is a medicinal substance obtained from a plant known as sleepy grass or belladonna. It belongs to a class of parasympatholytic drugs that block the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter responsible for the transmission of nerve impulses in the parasympathetic nervous system.

The mechanism of action of atropine is based on its ability to block receptors of M-cholinoreactive systems. This leads to inhibition of parasympathetic nerve activity in the body. The parasympathetic nervous system controls many functions such as smooth muscle contraction, glandular secretion, and heart rate regulation.

Atropine exhibits several pharmacological effects. First, it relaxes smooth muscles, including the muscles of the bile ducts and intestines. This makes it useful in the treatment of biliary and intestinal colic.

Secondly, atropine increases heart contraction and decreases glandular secretion. These additional properties of atropine allow it to be used in various fields of medicine. For example, it is often used before general anesthesia to prevent excess saliva and other secretions that may occur during the procedure. Atropine is also used in the treatment of peptic ulcers of the stomach and duodenum.

In ophthalmology, atropine is used to dilate pupils. This helps ophthalmologists diagnose and treat various eye conditions.

Atropine is available in a variety of forms, including oral tablets, injection solutions, and eye drops. The trade name for atropine in the form of eye drops is Minims atropine.

Despite the widespread use of atropine in medical practice, it can cause some side effects. Dry mouth, thirst and blurred vision are often noted. These effects are due to blocking acetylcholine receptors in the salivary glands, sweat glands and eyes.

It is important to note that the use of atropine should only be done under medical supervision. The dosage and regimen must be strictly followed to avoid unwanted effects and ensure patient safety.

In conclusion, Atropine is a drug that blocks the m-cholinergic systems in the body. It is used to relax smooth muscles, treat biliary and intestinal colic, increase heart rate and reduce the secretion of various glands. In ophthalmology it is used to dilate pupils. Although effective, atropine can cause side effects such as dry mouth, thirst, and blurred vision. Therefore, it must be used under medical supervision. Atropine is available in a variety of forms, including tablets, injection solutions and eye drops, under the trade name Minims atropine.

Atropine is a drug that is obtained from the sleepy herb plant. It blocks M-cholinergic receptors, which leads to inhibition of the parasympathetic nervous system. Atropine also relaxes smooth muscle, which is used in the treatment of biliary and intestinal colic.

In addition, atropine is often used in anesthesiology and in the treatment of peptic ulcers. It can also be used to dilate the pupil in ophthalmology.

Atropine is available in the form of tablets, injections and eye drops. Side effects such as dry mouth and thirst may occur when using atropine. Trade names of the drug may differ in different countries.

**Atropine** is a medicinal compound that is used in medicine to reduce the secretion of glands, and also as a drug to dilate the pupil. It is an alkaloid that is extracted from plants such as belladonna (black locust). It works by inhibiting the muscarinic receptor in the body.

The effect of atropine is associated with an effect on the peripheral nervous system, thus manifesting the calming effect of the drug. The drug relaxes the smooth muscles of the organs: gastrointestinal tract, bladder, bronchi, uterus, glandular ducts, blood vessels and intestines. But the drug has the most noticeable effect on the gastrointestinal mucosa. Atropine is used in the treatment of diseases: - cholinergic urticaria; - Ondine syndrome (sudden eczema of the hands); - pancreatic cystosis; - fly agaric poisoning; - relaxation of postoperative sutures. Atropine intoxication causes paralysis of the nervous system and heart, most often occurring in children. Muscle rigidity and cramps, hypothermia and vasodilation occur. The child may experience sudden vomiting, diarrhea, paralytic pain, fainting and delirium, convulsive reaction, arrhythmia, and less commonly, respiratory arrest and death. With long-term use of atropine and simultaneous use of alcohol, sedatives, hypnotics and antihypertensive drugs, the appearance of hallucinations, psychomotor agitation, arterial hypotension, depression of the respiratory center and collapse is possible. If you suspect poisoning, you should immediately call an ambulance. The drug is washed out the stomach, activated carbon, 4% baking soda solution are prescribed, and hemodialysis is rarely performed. For adults and children over 6 years of age, methylxanthines are prescribed for atropine poisoning: ephedrine, ephedrine hydrochloride, pseudoephedrine and suxamethonium. Calcium salts, adrenal hormones, glucocorticoids and isoproterenol are considered as antidotes.

Atropine (lat. Atropinum), also atropine, saccharine, tertiary base of scopolamine, alkaloid, natural product of alkaloid plants of the nightshade family, for example Solanum dulcamara. Historically, the substance was known as atropine sulfate.

It has central and peripheral anticholinergic effects. Blocks M1 and M3 cholinergic receptors, potentiates the effect of cyclopia, cyclodiazepam. Has a central anticholinergolytic effect (does not have a direct parasympathetic-regulatory effect on the cardiovascular system, does not disrupt