Disoma is a deformity of the fetus in which it has one head and two torsos. This is a rare congenital developmental disorder caused by partial splitting of the embryo in the early stages of embryogenesis.
With disoma, incomplete separation of the twin embryo occurs below the cervical spine. As a result, a single head, a common neck and two separate torsos are formed. Such children have two pairs of limbs, two hearts, two stomachs and other duplicated internal organs.
The causes of disoma are not fully understood. The role of genetic factors and the influence of teratogens is assumed. Diagnosis is based on ultrasound and MRI data of the fetus. Treatment consists of surgical separation of the torsos and subsequent correction of anatomical defects. The prognosis is generally unfavorable and survival rate is low.