Hypospadias

Hypospadias, or hypospadias, is the name given to congenital malformations of the urethra in boys: in particular, underdevelopment and splitting of the external opening of the urethra. Occurs in 2-4% of all children born with malformations of the urinary organs. It is observed only extremely rarely in girls. The urethra in men can split into two tubes, one of which opens in the urethra by the excretory duct of the bladder, and the other enters the skin in the lower abdomen or scrotum (“the skin “bottom” of the penis is an imperceptible thin bridge of an elongated horizontal fold of skin along the parting line in the lower third of the glans penis, covering the hole on the outer surface

Hypospadias is a condition where the male reproductive organ is not formed correctly. With normal fetal development, the division of the urogenital ducts begins to occur at the embryonic stage. For some children they remain undivided. In this case, the child develops a penis with one or more characteristic pathologies:

* violation of the position of the genital organs in the pelvic area; * incorrect direction of the urethra; * the presence of two or more urinary openings of different diameters.

The classification of hypospadias traditionally takes into account the following parameters of the condition:

* degree of severity of curvature of the urethra;

* location of the proximal part of phimosis; * proximity of erection to the urethra;

* classification according to the ratio of the sizes of the urethral opening and the external opening of the urethra

According to the first position in the description, hypospadias is divided into the following types:

- hypospadias of the first type - displacement of the opening of the urethra to the perineal area; - hypospadias of the second type - deviation of urine to the side; - hypospadias of the third type - a disproportion in the size of the external urethrovaginal opening and the trunk of the penis. When correcting conditions requiring surgical intervention, three types of operations are possible: 1. corrective, 2. plastic, 3. obstructive (for severe urination disorders). There is a classification that distinguishes between primary and secondary hypospadias (arising due to injury or inflammatory processes).