Glaucoma Phacolytic

Glaucoma phacolytic

Phacolytic glaucoma (g. phacolyticum from the Greek words phakos - lentil and lytikos - capable of destroying, dissolving) is an acute increase in intraocular pressure resulting from swelling and softening of the lens nucleus with its subsequent resorption.

The cause of the disease is the aging of the lens, as a result of which its proteins lose solubility and precipitate, forming the core of the lens. The nucleus swells, softens and partially dissolves, which leads to blockage of the outflow of intraocular fluid. Clinically, phacolytic glaucoma is manifested by acute pain in the eye, redness, and decreased vision.

Diagnosis is based on ophthalmoscopy and gonioscopy data. Treatment consists of urgent surgical intervention - removal of the lens (phacoemulsification) to restore the outflow of intraocular fluid and normalize intraocular pressure. The prognosis with timely treatment is generally favorable.

Glaucoma is a chronic disease characterized by increased intraocular pressure with all the ensuing consequences. Phakitis located in the center of the eye will cause an acute disturbance of intraocular hydrodynamics.

Glaucoma caused by the presence of congenital or secondary glaucoma (secondary) is much more common than glaucoma due to primary glaucoma. Secondary glaucoma is a long-term increase in intracranial pressure (>21 mm Hg) accompanied by progressive damage to the optic nerve. The development of glaucoma begins gradually and is characterized by expansion of the boundaries of excavation, subatrophy of the optic disc, pallor of the optic disc, development of complete atrophy of neuritis, and in extreme cases, complete total blindness. In other types of glaucoma, destruction of the central part of the iris along with its root is observed in the form of an ulcerated, white, dotted white-gray plaque, which looks like a round spot of irregular shape (like a strawberry spot). It should be noted that with glaucoma, damage to the posterior segment of the eyeball usually occurs. This is due to the fact that vascular hyperemia, iris reaction, swelling from the central areas are shifted to other parts of the iris and to surrounding areas.