Pulse Gradient Amplitude

Heart rate gradient

**Pulse gradient** is the difference in the amplitudes of pulse waves in different parts of the heart or vessels, recorded at certain time intervals. It can be used to determine the functional state of the cardiovascular system and identify various diseases.

Pulse Gradient Study:

Pulse pressure gradient is the difference between systolic pressure at the beginning and end of the cardiac cycle. That is, this is the pressure recorded between the first and second phases of the pulse.

The cyclicity of pressure fluctuations during the pulse is due to the periodicity of the heart (0.8 - 1.0 seconds), the operation of the aortic valve (allows only unidirectional blood flow) and the coronary arteries (only part of the functioning heart vessels are supplied with irritants).

Methodology. To assess for a fall, the patient is placed on his back on the couch and asked to breathe deeply and hold his breath. Heart sounds and sounds of the aortic arch are heard in the intercostal spaces. The left border should be located along the left midclavicular line. The arteries and pulses in the arms and legs are examined. They are sent to the echocardiography room.

**When normal, some features are revealed:**

- fast ADC changes mainly under the influence of mental factors. Rhythms of the supra-black level are sometimes found in healthy people with pronounced character traits. The systolic blood pressure level often decreases and less often increases. There is a slight increase or decrease in

Introduction: Heart rate gradient is the change in heart rate over a period of time. When conducting a study of the circadian rhythm, the values ​​of various indicators are calculated for given periods of time, one of which is the pulse gradient. The pulse gradient is also called a pulsogram, but when studying the 24-hour ECG rhythm, the GPA value is more often used.

Description of the GPA research method: GPA is performed by studying the sphygmographic curve obtained as a result of the passage of a wave of cardiac contraction through the vessels. To obtain information, two sections of the artery are needed, for example, in the wrist and shoulder. This area is selected for measurement and the pulsogram curve is recorded. The two parts of the curve are then compared. There is a difference in systole values ​​at each site. Next, the percentage of deviation from the initial value at other points of the curve (also represented in a certain section of the artery) is calculated. Based on the results obtained, a conclusion is made about the presence of a lesion in the artery or its absence.

*Registration of the curve: It is worth selecting a place for the study in the area of ​​the shoulder girdle, which will make it possible to obtain a more accurate comparison of the pulse in the vessels of the flexed and straight position of the arm. Another condition when determining the location of the artery is that it should not be superficial, since then the results will be distorted.*

As follows from many studies, the detection of GPA is a frequent companion to diseases such as VSD, pathology of vascular development, and varicose veins. It must be said that GPA can be obtained at any age and in the presence of various pathologies. However, when deciphering the data of the GPA curves, it is necessary to carry out differential diagnostics - the GPA may