Hyperprolactinemia Syndrome

Hyperprolactinemic syndrome: causes, symptoms and treatment

Hyperprolactinemic syndrome (HPS) is a combination of hyperprolactinemia with various reproductive dysfunctions. In women, this can manifest as galactorrhea, menstrual irregularities, infertility, and in men - hypogonadism, decreased libido and potency.

Elevated prolactin levels are often associated with pituitary tumors, such as micro- and macroadenomas, as well as diseases of the hypothalamus, tumor metastases and other pathologies. The use of certain medications can also lead to hyperprolactinemia.

Due to the fact that elevated prolactin levels can lead to decreased gonadotropin secretion, infertility, as well as osteoporosis and obesity, diagnosis and treatment of HPS are important.

To diagnose hyperprolactinemia, various methods are used, such as measuring the level of prolactin in the blood plasma, tests with thyrotropin-releasing hormone and metoclopramide. A pituitary tumor can be detected using a lateral craniogram, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.

Treatment of HPS includes drug therapy with dopamine agonists such as Parlodel, Dostinex and Norprolac. These drugs help reduce prolactin levels in the blood, improve reproductive function and prevent the development of complications.

In some cases, surgical treatment may be required, especially if there is resistance to drug therapy or there are signs of compression of the optic chiasm.

In general, hyperprolactinemic syndrome is a serious disease that can lead to a decrease in the patient's quality of life. However, thanks to modern diagnostic and treatment methods, most patients with HPS can achieve a significant improvement in their condition and restore reproductive function.