Hypertonic disease

Hypertension is a chronic disease characterized by a constant or almost constant increase in blood pressure. Unlike other forms of hypertension, increased blood pressure in hypertension is not a consequence of diseases of the kidneys, adrenal glands, thyroid gland, etc., but is caused by a violation of blood pressure regulation.

The trigger mechanism for the development of hypertension in humans is the nervous one. The initial link of this mechanism is emotion, a mental experience, which is accompanied in healthy people by many reactions from the body, including an increase in blood pressure. In a person who develops hypertension, these reactions differ in that in response to a minor cause, a deep and (or) intense emotional reaction occurs, and with it a significant increase in blood pressure.

As such reactions are repeated, a slow but steady progression of hypertension—high blood pressure—is observed. Over time, humoral mechanisms begin to play a significant role in maintaining high blood pressure, i.e. mechanisms that influence the vital functions of the body through hormones and some other active substances entering the blood from organs and tissues.

In this way, the transition of emotionally caused hypertensive reactions into a chronic disease is formed. To prevent the progression of hypertension, it is necessary to reduce the intensity of neuro-emotional stress and create conditions for the release of emotions. The most important measures are regulation of work and rest, physical activity, and limiting salt in the diet.

Treatment of hypertension should be constant over a number of years. The goal is to maintain optimal blood pressure and prevent complications. Prevention of hypertension consists in timely identification of predisposition and tendency to increase blood pressure and implementation of appropriate measures.