Kardia

The cardia is one of the most important organs in the human body. This is where the digestion of food that enters the stomach occurs.

The cardia performs several important functions that ensure the normal functioning of the stomach and the entire gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Without cardia, the digestion process would be significantly difficult, and perhaps not possible at all.

The first thing the cardia does is separate the stomach and intestines. This allows the gastric juice and food bolus to separate, and the food can go through the primary processing stage.

In addition, the cardia is also involved in regulating the volume of the stomach, that is, it controls the amount of food that a person can swallow at one time. As the cardiac valve fills, the muscle contracts, which slows down the movement of the bolus and stops its absorption into the intestines.

Another important function of cardia is to protect the stomach from excess acidity in gastric juice. Thanks to the muscle fibers passing through the sphincter, when pepsin appears in the stomach, it relaxes, opening the way for the stomach contents to enter the duodenum. However, if the functions of the cardia are impaired, this can lead to serious consequences. Insufficient cardiac functionality can cause diseases such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), stomach ulcers or even cancer. In addition, disturbances in cardiac closure can lead to gastric contents entering the esophagus, causing