The alimentary canal or digestive tract is a system of organs that is involved in the process of digestion. It begins with the oral cavity and ends with the rectum.
In the digestive tube, food is broken down into simpler substances, which are then absorbed into the blood and used by the body. This process begins in the mouth, where food is chewed and mixed with saliva. The food then passes through the esophagus and enters the stomach, where it is exposed to gastric juices. Partial breakdown of proteins, fats and carbohydrates occurs in the stomach. After this, the food passes into the small intestine, where final breakdown and absorption of nutrients occurs.
The digestive system also includes the liver, pancreas and gallbladder. The liver is involved in the synthesis of proteins and fats, as well as in metabolism. The pancreas produces pancreatic juice, which contains enzymes to break down carbohydrates. The gallbladder stores bile, which is necessary for digesting fats.
An important function of the digestive system is the regulation of metabolism. It is also involved in maintaining homeostasis, that is, the balance between the internal environment of the body and the environment.
It is important to note that poor diet and lifestyle can lead to disruption of the digestive system. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor your diet and lead a healthy lifestyle in order to maintain the health of the digestive tube and the entire body as a whole.