Polykaryocyte

Polykaryocytes (also known as multiple karyocytes) are tumor cells that contain more than one nucleolus and often have increased nuclear volume and atypical chromosomes. These abnormalities indicate that polykaryocytes are malignant cells that can cause various tumors.

Polykaryocides are found in a variety of tumor types, including breast, prostate, lung, and thyroid tumors. Typical symptoms of tumors caused by polykaryocytes are pain, discomfort, weight gain, changes in the shape of the breast or prostate, changes in breathing, and changes in voice that are not characteristic of normal physical activity.

To diagnose polykaryocytes, a cytological examination of urine is performed. To do this, you need to collect the urine in a special container and take it to the laboratory for analysis. This diagnostic method is the most accessible and is often used for the primary diagnosis of polykaryocytes. However, the effectiveness of such testing may be limited, especially for small tumors less than 2 mm in diameter, since some polykaryocides are less than 1 mm in size. In addition, PK may be difficult to distinguish from benign cells in a given study, which may require additional testing or tissue biopsy.

Among the treatment methods for polykaryocides, the most effective is surgical removal of the tumor and subsequent chemotherapy or radiation therapy. This is because survival rate in the presence of polykaryocide is significantly reduced: over 50% chance of death within one year. With standard treatments such as chemotherapy or radiofrequency, the survival rate of patients increases significantly. However, if the tumor is too large to be removed surgically, the only option is to continue effective drug therapy to slow tumor growth as much as possible.