Shock Painful

Shock, characterized by severe intermittent or constant deterioration in well-being and excitability. Often, severe nervous shock, severe nervous or physical fatigue, fatigue from long-term work, injury or surgery are mentioned as the cause of the syndrome.

In 1827, nervous shock was first mentioned, causing

Painful shock is one of the most common forms of shock conditions, which occurs due to severe painful irritation, for example, during injuries. The term was first coined in 1916 and has since been used in medicine to describe the body's response to injury or illness. Painful shock belongs to the group of stress and shock reactions and can lead to serious complications.

Pain shock is based on the body’s reaction to a painful stimulus, causing inhibition of the central nervous system and a decrease in blood supply to organs and tissues, which leads to the development of circulatory failure, tissue hypoxia, and metabolic disorders. Pain impulses are transmitted to the nervous system using nerve receptors. At the same time, the number of impulses entering the brain increases, causing nervous excitement and dysfunction of internal organs.

Painful shock also has several stages of development, namely: the erectile phase, changes in blood circulation and accumulation of metabolic products in the blood, the paretic phase and the post-resuscitation stage. In the erectile phase, the body reacts to injury, the level of adrenaline and norepinephrine in the blood increases, blood vessels dilate and the heart rate accelerates, which ensures an increased tissue need for oxygen and nutrients. This condition lasts several minutes and ends in a paretic phase, when blood pressure and heart rate decrease due to insufficient supply of nutrition to the tissues. In the paretic phase, there is a large loss of blood and fluid from the body, which can lead to irreversible consequences. At the post-resuscitation stage, the patient’s consciousness deteriorates significantly, complications develop, such as depression of the cardiovascular system.

**PAINFUL SHOCK** - Sh., caused by intense or difficult to tolerate painful excitation of the nervous system, which does not, however, cause an inhibition reaction (unlike painful syncopal R.). Unlike traumatic, Sh. B. can develop from exposure and painful irritations, the intensity of which is significantly below the threshold of pain sensitivity. Intense pain, sensory irritation from which is not accompanied by a significant expression of emotions (motivational, affective), can create a physiological focus of excitation in the central nervous system without its disinhibition in unconditioned reflexes (see), stimulating only the conditioned reflex activity of the central nervous system.