Tuberculous choroiditis

Tuberculous chorioititis or tuberculous chorioretinitis (p. tuberculosa) is one of the severe intraocular forms of pulmonary tuberculosis, in most cases develops in adults (less often in children), and is characterized by inflammatory and destructive changes in the vascular tract and optic nerve sheaths (choroid, papillomacular tract).

Clinically, tuberculous chorioretinitis is manifested by decreased vision of varying degrees, up to blindness, with a characteristic ophthalmoscopic picture - in the optic nerve head, less often in other parts of the fundus of the eye, inflammatory and darkened foci (granulomas) are detected. The main diagnostic methods are ophthalmo-fluorescence diagnostics and ultrasound diagnostics. In the treatment of tuberculosis chorioritis, the leading role is played by active tuberculocidal therapy.

The pathogenesis of the disease is very complex. It is based on the presence of chronic tuberculosis infection, venous granulomas and disintegration of the choriocapillaris of the eyeball; damage to the sagittal sinus, leading to the formation of a subchondral abscess. The process is often complicated by hemorrhages in the vitreous body and retina, the occurrence of acute vascular disorders, dystrophic changes, as well as glial tumors (cysts, gliomas).