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BCG (“Bacillus Calmette-Guerin”) is a vaccine for the prevention of tuberculosis, which was developed in 1921.

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is a live, weakened Escherichia coli Mycobacterium bovis (Myco. bovinus) subsp. caprae, a conjugative immunogenic live mycobacterial vaccine intended for the prevention of tuberculosis in children and adults. The bacterium was named after Dr. Calmette, who discovered it in Paris in 1883, and Dr. Guerin, who studied this species of mycobacteria in Lyon, France. In 1978, Guerin received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the development of the BCG vaccine.

What is the essence of this vaccine? It contains live non-pathogenic mycobacterium BCG, i.e. bacteria that, when a vaccine is introduced into the body, do not cause disease in humans. Instead, these bacteria gradually multiply at the site of their introduction, allowing the body to produce antibodies. These antibodies protect a person from that particular strain of mycobacteria and from other strains of mycobacteria. When a person inhales tuberculosis organisms, the immune system attacks them and secretes antibodies against that particular mycobalaria bacillus. The immune system only notices the variant and recognizes specific antibodies against that organism, not the general infection that the body tries to treat after infection. Thus, an infected person never develops tuberculosis without the presence of a significant infectious agent. If contact occurs with the BCG strain or any other microbacterial strain against which the body is immune