Injuries to the musculoskeletal system occur under different circumstances: falling, inept
sudden or unexpected movement, or in the event of a car accident. There are four main types of musculoskeletal injuries:
• fractures,
• dislocations,
• sprains or ligament tears,
• sprains or tears of muscles and tendons.
Fractures
A fracture is a violation of the integrity of a bone. It can be complete or incomplete, for example, when the bone breaks off or a crack forms in it.
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An open fracture is characterized by the presence of a wound. It occurs when excessive stress is placed on a limb, resulting in a bone fracture. The ends of a broken bone come out, tearing the skin, or an object penetrates the skin and causes a bone fracture. Any soft tissue damage at the site of a possible fracture is evidence of an open fracture. With the most common closed fracture, the skin remains intact. An open fracture is more dangerous because there is a risk of infection in the wound or blood loss.
Dislocation
A dislocation is a displacement of a bone from its normal position in a joint.

Dislocations usually occur when great force is used.

When the head of the bone moves beyond its normal position, the ligaments are stretched and torn. The high force that causes a dislocation can also cause bone fractures and damage to nearby nerves and blood vessels. A dislocation is usually easy to identify by the visible deformation of the joint.
Sprains and ligament tears
A sprain occurs when a bone moves beyond its normal range of motion. Excessive stress on the joint can lead to complete rupture of the ligaments and dislocation of the bone. In this case, the possibility of a bone fracture cannot be ruled out.
For mild sprains, healing usually occurs fairly quickly. The victim may feel for a short time
you are in pain, but will soon be able to resume physical activity with little or no pain. Therefore, people often do not pay any attention to such an event and, as a result, the joint can be re-injured. Severe sprains usually cause severe pain with slight movement of the joint. The most common sprains are the tibia, knee, fingers and wrist.
Sometimes a sprain can have more serious functional consequences than a fracture. A bone that heals after a fracture rarely breaks again. And after a sprain or ligament rupture, a joint may become less stable, which increases the likelihood of re-injury.
Muscle and tendon strain
Muscles and tendons are also subject to sprains and tears. People sometimes say: “pulled” or “torn” a muscle. These sprains are usually caused by lifting heavy objects, excessive muscle work, or sudden or awkward movements. The most common are muscle strains in the neck, back, thigh or leg. Strained neck and lower back muscles can be very painful.
As with sprains, muscle strains can lead to re-injury if not properly attended to. Muscle strains can become chronic, especially in the neck, lower back and hip areas.
Muscle spasm
Although the condition cannot be attributed to injury, muscle spasm is a type of pain that occurs when performing heavy physical labor or when an arm or leg is held in the same position for a long time. Massaging the area, resting, and changing position are usually sufficient to relieve the pain. Cramps when muscles are overexerted in overheated conditions can resemble a muscle spasm, but occur as a result of muscle loss of fluid when exercising in the heat.