Exostosis Osteocartilaginous

Exostosis osteocartilaginea is a benign tumor that develops on the surface of the bone and consists of bone and cartilage tissue.

Exostosis is a growth on the bone, most often occurring in the area of ​​the metaphyses of tubular bones. There are single and multiple forms. With multiple exostoses, mainly long tubular bones, ribs, and pelvic bones are affected.

The main clinical manifestations are painless protruding formations, leading to deformation and dysfunction of the affected segment. Exostosis can limit movement in the joints, cause scoliosis, and shortening of the limb.

Diagnosis is based on radiography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Treatment is surgical; tumor removal is indicated in the presence of functional impairment or suspected malignant degeneration.

The prognosis is favorable. After removal, exostoses rarely recur. However, there is a small risk of malignancy, especially with multiple exostoses. Therefore, dynamic monitoring after surgery is necessary.

Exostoses are bony protrusions that form at the ends of long bones. They are found in children, less often in adults, and are sometimes observed as one of the manifestations of rickets. They can reach significant sizes and affect joint mobility (joint laxity may develop and limit joint movement). There are two main types of exostoses, differing histologically and clinically. The most common form is ordinary exostotic osteoma, and the second is osteoid-cartilaginous exostosis. Such exostosis can occur at the junction of different parts of the bone or between the head of one bone and the neck of another (see Head and fossa, Ligaments and bone suture). Osteoid cartilaginous exostoses are usually detected in adolescence. They grow slowly, but most rapidly in childhood. Often, unfortunately, this leads to some disturbances in walking and body position. Some types of exostotic osteomas can grow too quickly, resulting in symptoms including pain or abnormal movement. Treatment for this condition usually involves removal of the exotic bone - which is done surgically.