Microbiology Sanitary

Sanitary microbiology is a branch of microbiology that studies the microflora of the human environment from the point of view of its possible negative or positive impact on human health. It develops microbiological standards necessary for hygienic standards, and also determines measures for disinfection and control of the effectiveness of environmental objects.

Sanitary microbiology deals with the study and control of various types of microorganisms that can be dangerous to human health. For example, these can be bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites and other microorganisms. They can cause various diseases, such as infections, allergies, cancer, etc.

Various methods are used to study environmental microflora, including microscopy, culture on nutrient media, molecular genetic studies, and others. Research is also being conducted on the influence of various factors on microflora, such as temperature, humidity, light, chemical composition and others.

An important aspect of sanitary microbiology is the development of measures for the disinfection of various environmental objects, such as water, air, soil, food, etc. These measures may include the use of chemicals, ultraviolet radiation, heat treatment and other methods.

Monitoring the effectiveness of disinfection measures is carried out using various methods, such as microbiological analysis, biotesting, chemical tests and others. These methods make it possible to determine the degree of purification of environmental objects from microorganisms and evaluate the effectiveness of disinfection measures.

Thus, sanitary microbiology is an important branch of microbiology, which studies the microflora of the human environment and develops measures for its disinfection and monitoring their effectiveness. This helps ensure the safety and health of people in the environment.

Currently, one of the leading directions in the development of public health is the protection of humans from pathogenic microbes. Air, water and soil pollution causes a number of diseases (foodborne diseases, respiratory diseases, digestive and urinary systems) and contributes to the development of allergic reactions. A special place in this problem is occupied by infectious diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, and fungi.

Despite significant advances in the field of early diagnosis and prevention of infectious diseases caused by errors in identifying infectious agents, the issues of improving existing and developing new diagnostic methods remain unresolved. There is a need to develop effective antimicrobial agents and biocidal protection methods. Of concern are the environmental aspects of the microbial safety of plants and agricultural products, environmental pollution from microbiological production waste and the lack of a system for monitoring the safety of microorganisms and their metabolic products.

The importance of sanitary and epidemiological institutions as generators of data on the occurrence, spread, cessation or blocking of infections leading to irrational use of the country's resources. Unfortunately, epizootics cause damage to human health, so sanitary and anti-disease activities should be coupled with measures aimed at strengthening personal hygiene products and creating a culture of public health.