Myelomeningocele

Myelomeningocele: Definition, Causes, Symptoms and Treatment

Myelomeningocele is a medical condition characterized by a congenital spinal defect in which the spinal column's nerve tissue and meninges protrude through an opening in the spine. The term "myelomeningocele" comes from a combination of three words: "myelo" (relating to the spinal cord), "meninges" (relating to the meninges), and "keʹle" (a Greek word meaning "protrusion" or "hernia").

Myelomeningocele is the most common and severe form of spinal hernia. It usually occurs in the early stages of fetal development when nerve tissues do not close properly and the result is a protrusion of the spinal cord and meninges through a defect in the spine.

The reasons for the development of myelomeningocele are not completely clear, but it is believed that genetic and environmental factors may play a role in the occurrence of this condition. Some studies indicate a possible link with maternal folic acid deficiency during pregnancy.

The main symptom of myelomeningocele is the presence of an open defect on the back of the newborn. This defect may be visible as a visible hole through which the meninges and spinal cord protrude. Other symptoms may include bladder and bowel dysfunction, lower extremity mobility problems, hydrocephalus (a build-up of fluid inside the skull), and problems with coordination and sensory functions.

Treatment of myelomeningocele usually involves surgery to close the defect and restore the anatomical integrity of the spine. Often the operation is performed immediately after the birth of the child. In some cases, follow-up treatment may be necessary to correct problems associated with myelomeningocele, such as hydrocephalus or other complications.

Early detection and treatment of myelomeningocele are important to minimize possible complications and improve the child's prognosis. Regular follow-up with a pediatrician and consultation with a neurosurgeon are essential for effective management of this condition.

In conclusion, myelomeningocele is a serious congenital condition associated with a spinal defect in which nerve tissue and meninges protrude through the opening. Early detection, accurate diagnosis and timely treatment are key aspects of managing this condition. Modern methods of surgical intervention can eliminate the defect and restore the functionality of the spine, which helps improve the quality of life of patients suffering from myelomeningocele.

Myeloceningomenigyele is a congenital abnormality of the spinal cord and surrounding tissues. This rare pathology occurs already during embryogenesis and is diagnosed only after the birth of the child.

The pathology is characterized as ectopia (nucleation) of the meninges and spinal tissue. Such a mass is usually located in the abdominal cavity and gestates in the form of an opaque formation with a gradually increasing diameter. The condition is accompanied by pathological growth of myelin tissue and spinal nerves. The prognosis for the viability of patients with this pathology is ambiguous, and the quality of life subsequently decreases significantly due to disruption of the spinal cord itself 😨