Muscle, Stapes (M. Stapedius, Pna, Bna, Jna)

The stapes muscle group is a small but important muscle of the middle ear that is responsible for the balance of hearing. It works in harmony with the middle ear muscle and is designed to maintain a neutral position of the stapedius apparatus. By connecting with the auditory ossicles (hammer and incus), the stapedius muscle ensures the transmission of sound waves to the endolymphatic ear, located in the pyramids of the temporal bone.

The stapedius muscle is located on the outside of the posterior edge of the stapes, extending from the thin semicircular canal to the manubrium of the stapedius, and passes towards the geniculate process of the malleus.\n

In humans, the stapedius muscle is divided in half by its attachment to the manubrium: part of the muscle is called the stapes tire. The upper part covers the mucous membrane of the stapes, and the lower, narrower part, runs from the stapes to the base of the malleus. The lower ends of the stapedius muscles attach to the cruciate ligaments of the stapedius (incus-malleus) process and to the superficial plate of the floor of the attic.\n