Siderosis Transfusion

Transfusion Siderosis: Understanding and Impact on Health

Transfusion siderosis, also known as transfusion iron load, is a condition characterized by the accumulation of excess iron in the body as a result of repeated blood transfusions. This phenomenon may occur in patients who are regularly transfused with blood or blood components such as red blood cells or platelets during the treatment of various diseases such as aplastic anemia, thalassemia or hemophilia.

During blood transfusion, the patient receives not only useful components, but also additional iron, which is contained in red blood cells. Normally, the human body has mechanisms to regulate iron levels and remove it from the body. However, with repeated transfusions, these mechanisms may not cope with excess incoming iron, which leads to its accumulation in tissues and organs.

The effects of transfusion siderosis can be varied and vary depending on the degree of iron load and the individual characteristics of the patient. One of the most serious consequences of siderosis is severe iron-related heart failure, which can lead to heart failure and other cardiovascular complications. In addition, transfusion siderosis can have negative effects on the liver, pancreas, thyroid gland and other organs.

Various methods are used to diagnose transfusion siderosis, including serum iron levels, ferritin levels, and genetic tests. If siderosis is detected, doctors may take measures to reduce iron load, such as chelation therapy. Chelation therapy is based on the use of special drugs that help bind excess iron in the body and remove it through the kidneys.

Prevention of transfusion siderosis is also important. Doctors try to minimize the number of necessary transfusions, optimize and individualize treatment regimens, and use blood components with the lowest iron content.

Transfusion siderosis is a serious condition that requires attention and monitoring by medical personnel. Patients undergoing regular transfusions should be aware of the possible risks and take appropriate measures to maintain their health.

In conclusion, transfusion siderosis is a condition associated with the accumulation of excess iron in the body as a result of repeated blood transfusions. This condition can have serious health consequences, including cardiovascular and organ complications. Diagnosis and treatment of siderosis require attention and monitoring by medical personnel. Prevention is an important component of care for patients exposed to regular transfusions.

Источники:

1. Cappellini MD, Cohen A, Porter J, Taher A, Viprakasit V. Guidelines for the Management of Transfusion Dependent Thalassaemia (TDT). 3rd ed. Nicosia (Cyprus): Thalassaemia International Federation; 2014.
2. Porter J, Galanello R, Saglio G, et al. Relative response of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and other transfusion-dependent anaemias to deferasirox (ICL670): a 1-yr prospective study. Eur J Haematol. 2008; 80(2):168-76.
3. Cappellini MD, Porter J, El-Beshlawy A, et al. Tailoring iron chelation by iron intake and serum ferritin: the prospective EPIC study of deferasirox in 1744 patients with transfusion-dependent anemias. Haematologica. 2010; 95(4):557-66.