Familial Macular Degeneration

Familial macular degeneration is an inherited disease that causes changes in the pigmentation of the retina. It appears as a yellow spot on the cornea of ​​the eye and can be caused by genetic mutations.

The causes of familial macular degeneration are not fully understood, but several factors may contribute to its development. These are heredity, eye injuries, age, genetic disorders, diabetes, obesity, hypertension, high cholesterol, etc.

Gallstone degeneration can begin as early as childhood or adulthood and progress over time. Symptoms may include blurred or changed vision, decreased clarity of objects, blurred outlines and darkness in front of the eyes, and difficulty recognizing shadows or contrasts.

Treatment for familial macular degeneration involves correcting risk factors, such as diet, regular exercise, controlling cholesterol and blood pressure, and avoiding

**Hereditary macular degeneration** (degeneracy and hereditary macular degeneration; Latin degeneratio maculea familiaris, French dégénérescence de la maculation familiaris, German Familienfältelkrankheit) is a form of retinal dystrophy, which is the most common of the vitreoretinal diseases. diseases and a common cause of narrowing of the visual field. The development of the disease is influenced by heredity, but statistically women get sick more often. At the beginning of the disease, a person may not need glasses, but as the disease progresses, the image on them becomes increasingly blurry and only nearby objects can be seen. However, this symptom often appears only with rapid progression of the disease. The progressive form occurs in patients of any age, most often after 50 years of age, while macular degeneration is rarely detected in infants and children (since this criterion allows for a phenomenal variety of spots to be observed).

=== Pathological anatomy === The main feature of the dystrophic process is the central (macular) localization of retinal lesions. The space of the macular zone, which occupies the central field of vision, is located in the macula, hence another name for this retinal lesion - “macular dystrophy”. The degree of infestation begins with small, randomly scattered yellow spots, which gradually merge, turning