Hemoglobinopathy

Hemoglobin is a protein component of blood that carries oxygen from the lungs to body tissues and returns carbon dioxide back to the lungs. Normally, hemoglobin consists of four polypeptide chains, each of which carries a gem tag. The protein hemoglobin is responsible for the transport of oxygen through the tissue barrier and the transfer of free oxygen to other tissues and systems of the body

Hemoglobinomaty is an inherited blood disorder characterized by an abnormality in the structure and function of hemoglobin, which leads to changes in oxygen transport, as well as health problems and other disorders. The exact number of people suffering from this disease is unknown, but it is estimated that about 1% of the world's population has some form of hemoglobinomaty.

Hemoglobin is a protein found in red blood cells and is responsible for carrying oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout the body. Normally, hemoglobin is made up of 4 different types of subunits, which are known as alpha, beta, gamma and delta chains. These chains are connected to each other using special bonds and form a hemoglobin molecule. People with hemoglobin have mutations in these chains that create problems with oxygen transport. This can cause various symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, pale skin, etc., but can also lead to more serious illnesses such as anemia, heart failure or death.

Diagnosing hemoglobinomaties can be quite challenging because many forms of these diseases are relatively mild and do not cause symptoms for long periods of time. A blood test can determine the concentration of hemoglobin and its type, and blood tests for changes in blood cells or hemoglobin molecules are performed to identify additional abnormalities. However, not all forms of hemoglobination can be detected by a simple blood test.

Treatment of hemoglobinomas always depends on the specific case and form of the disease. Most often, it involves reviewing the patient's diet and taking special medications to normalize hemoglobin levels in the blood, and sometimes may include surgery, such as a bone marrow transplant. In some cases, sick children or adults may require blood transfusions. Special training is also carried out to improve the patient's breathing ability and treat other concomitant diseases. In general, a competent approach to the diagnosis and treatment of hemoglobomaties in most cases gives a positive