Meristem (Gr. Meridzein - Divide)

Meristem (from the Greek "merizan" - "to divide") is an undifferentiated embryonic tissue of plants that is capable of producing new cells through mitotic division. It is the main source of cells for plant growth and development.

The meristem is located in those parts of the plant where active growth occurs - in the roots, stems and leaves. It is the most active tissue in the plant and is characterized by high mitotic activity. With the help of the meristem, the plant can increase its mass, length and volume.

The meristem consists of small cells that continually divide and differentiate into different tissue types. Meristem cells do not have specialized functions and do not have a specific shape. They can divide an infinite number of times, forming new cells, which in turn also continue to divide.

The meristem has several types, which differ in location and function. For example, the apical meristem is found at the ends of roots and stems and is responsible for the longitudinal growth of the plant. Lateral meristems are found on lateral shoots and are responsible for the formation of lateral shoots and leaves.

The meristem is an important object of study in plant biology, as it plays a key role in plant growth and development. Studying the mechanisms of mitotic division in the meristem can help to understand the processes of growth and development of plants in general.

Thus, the meristem is the undifferentiated embryonic tissue of plants that produces new cells through mitotic division and is responsible for the growth and development of plants. Studying the mechanisms of mitotic division in the meristem can help to understand the processes of growth and development of plants in general.