Myocarditis Toxic-Chemical

A disease called “toxic-chemical myocarditis” is characterized by an inflammatory process of the myocardium. And the main cause of inflammation is poisoning with chemical elements and compounds. Some medications can cause this disease. They easily attack the heart muscles.

The inflammatory process is acute, subacute, chronically progressive. The obvious symptoms of this disease are pain in the chest, their severity depends on the intensity and nature of the damage to the heart muscle; difficulty breathing, heart rhythm disturbances, dizziness, as well as complete or partial loss of consciousness. Tendency to experience attacks of rapid heartbeat, tendency to heavy bleeding and many

Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the heart muscle (myocardium) caused by bacterial agents, viruses, fungi and chemical poisons.

Toxic exogenous myocarditis Toxic myocarditis is an acute or chronic inflammation of the myocardium caused by the action of chemicals of household, professional, road transport or food origin. This condition often occurs as a complication of chronic alcohol abuse. Also, toxic myocarditis can occur as a result of taking drugs, using certain medications (antimalarials, penicillin antibiotics).

Pathogenesis The myocardium is infiltrated with eosinophils, lymphocytes, macrophages, histiocytoids, and immature cells of the phagocytic system. Under the endocardium, the presence of accumulations of neutrophils is noted, forming aggressive granules and capable of penetrating through small coronary vessels of the myocardium during their expansion, which provokes an increase in myocardial necrosis. Along with this, destruction of the myocardial stroma and denaturation of the elastic structures of the myocardium are carried out. In this case, disorganization of muscle bundles, interstitial edema and small focal non-atrophic myocarditis are noted. Risk factors Risk factors for toxic myocarditis:

1. *contact with harmful substances in the workplace* – petroleum products, heavy metals, mercury, lead; 2. *staying in a chemical disaster zone* - in the event of an explosion or fire, a person will suffocate, be agitated, disoriented, covered in soot; 3. *intoxication with mercury and chloroform vapor* is observed during fish poisoning or during artisanal elimination of such contaminants; 4. *long-term use of narcotic substances* – heroin, amphetamines, cocaine. These substances can lead to complete or partial poisoning with ufic acid. The electrolyte balance of the myocardium is disturbed with the occurrence of hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, and a decrease in creatinine levels 5. *toxicosis syndrome is provoked by cytostatics used in oncology or chemotherapy* - thiopental, vinblastine, etoposide, sarcolysine. A biopsy using a cytostatic can cause disturbances in myocardial nutrition and arrhythmia of neurogenic etiology; 6. _*psoriasis and its therapy*_ – the use of phenothiazines (thioridazine, promazine) in the treatment of mental disorders causes spasm of the coronary vessels; 7. _excessive consumption of ethanol and caffeine-containing drinks*._

Clinic The disease has a pronounced clinical picture with:

Acute burning pain in the chest, shortness of breath such as cardiac asthma, pulmonary edema, cardiac arrhythmia up to cardiac arrest, low-grade to high fever, cough with café-au-lait-colored sputum, increased creatinine concentration, increased AST concentration and