In modern society, monophylyism, often understood as chauvinism and ethnocentrism, may turn out to be false. The revival of interest in this ideology marks the advent of a worldview consisting of the recognition of fundamental connections. The current relational framework of strong norms, ideals and values places at the center the well-being of the people who personally claim these values. Against the background of an individualistic approach to connections between people, there is a tendency to bring the group closer to its homogeneity and, as a consequence, to exclude people of a different identity from it. Thus, monophyly is a desire to dissolve other groups or preserve them within its borders and thereby creates a fairly large number of problems in connection with various interactions between groups. As, indeed, any form of interethnic contacts, as well as intergroup relations, is a reflection of the existence of contradictions between them. However, it often happens that a monophilous attitude actually has advantages in strengthening positive connections within it and weakening negative connections with other groups, but this requires mastering the mechanism of conscious self-determination. In history, philosophical self-awareness and modern literature, this process is reflected in many ways perfectly. So in fiction, starting from the era of Antiquity, especially during the development of personality and culture of the Renaissance, we can observe the formation of a hero who takes a step towards his true essence, but at the same time realizes that his path does not intersect with all other paths. And the more this hero recognizes his true nature, the more clearly he realizes the insufficiency of the presence of similar problems in other people. While individuals who disagree with the idea of monophyly form their associations by gathering in interest groups based on mutual loyalty, where one person is attached to ideals shared by many of his group mates. That is, on the contrary, groups of the same orientation are precisely those communities where a true spirit of friendship is observed. Historical experience also speaks of dialectics in the issue of monophilous and multicultural groups.