Protoporphyrins

Protoporphyrins are one of the most important classes of porphyrins that play key roles in biological processes. They are molecules containing four methyl and two vinyl groups, as well as two propionic acid residues. These groups give protoporphyrins unique chemical properties that make them essential for many biochemical processes in the body.

Protoporphyrins are widespread in nature. They are found in the blood, spleen, liver, kidneys, lungs, bone marrow, nervous tissue and other organs and tissues. In these tissues, protoporphyrins perform various functions, such as participation in oxygen transport, protection against free radicals, regulation of iron metabolism, etc.

One of the most important members of this class of porphyrins is protoporphyrin IX (PIX), which is part of the heme molecule. Heme is a component of many proteins, such as hemoglobin and cytochromes, and plays an important role in the transport of electrons and oxygen in cells.

In addition, protoporphyrins have many uses in medicine and scientific research. For example, they are used to create contrast agents for X-ray and computed tomography, as well as for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases associated with iron metabolism disorders.

Thus, protoporphyrins play an important role in biochemical processes in the body and can be used for the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. Their study and application in medical practice can lead to new treatment methods and improve the quality of life of patients.

Protoporphyringyridinooligonucleotide (P.) is a condensation product of dimethylglycine with glycine, differs from P. in the degree of oxidation of manganese in protochrome and is found in mitochondria. They are similar in structure to benzyl synthetic dyes, but differ from them in chemical properties. One of the P., protoporphyrinoxime, gives a green color with alkalis and oxidizing agents, protoporfinamaldimidoxime gives a black color with acids. Preparation: by oxidation of P. with potassium permanganate in hydrochloric acid solution, while manganese is oxidized to a chlorine state, turning into a dark red nucleus chrome. From it, under the influence of vinegar, it is again reduced to P., which turns into a complex compound. The presence of a halogen in the toxicity of iatrochrome indicates the formation of hydrogen peroxide formed during this process. From nucleuschrome one can obtain the pigment salusic acid, which is used for coloring. By acid hydrolysis of protoporphin, protoporphicine glycine is formed from salusic acid, the effect of which is stronger than that of protoporphin (yellow blood pigment). Both protoporphin and its P. homologue are toxic