Wound Bruised

A bruised wound is a soft tissue injury characterized by swelling, tension and pain in the wound area. It occurs when hit or dropped on a hard surface. As a result of the bruise, small blood vessels are destroyed and blood circulation in the tissues is impaired.

Etiology

The main cause of a bruise is a blunt blow or a fall onto a hard surface. Degenerative processes in tissue occur during prolonged compression with a blunt object. Impaired tissue nutrition also occurs in diseases of the circulatory system as a result of thrombosis, embolism, arteriosclerosis, vitamin deficiencies and metabolic disorders. The paralytic form of the wound is formed due to a disorder of tissue innervation. Uneven compression can occur with skull deformation, as well as in bedridden patients. Gunshot wounds are classified as acute bruise forms.

Pathogenesis

The closed wounding surface ensures the flow of blood elements through the tissue matrix into the ischemic area. This leads to the formation of local necrotic foci, leukocyte infiltration, local edema and the occurrence of inflammatory hyperemia. Subsequently, the damaged area loses its ability to resist mechanical stress.

Complications

Blood clotting disorders, for example due to injuries or blood diseases, as well as during pregnancy, contribute to the rapid rupture of blood vessels and the development of severe forms of bruised type wounds. This complication is known as “penetrating wound infection,” along with mixed forms and wounds without visible skin damage. Blood clots can lead to syphilis and tetanus. Large lacerations quickly lead to sepsis.