Bioluminescence (Gr. Bios - Life, Lat. Lumen - Light)

The emission of light by living cells or enzyme systems isolated from living cells is called bioluminescence.

This unique phenomenon is observed in some species of bacteria, fungi, protozoa, crustaceans, mollusks, fish and other marine organisms. It is due to the presence in their cells of special enzymes - luciferases and luciferins, which enter into an oxidation reaction releasing quanta of light.

Bioluminescence plays an important role in the life of luminous organisms. Thus, some bacteria use it to attract prey or partners. Sea creatures use glow for camouflage, communication, hunting or protection. Scientists are actively studying this phenomenon in order to understand the mechanisms of luminescence regulation and use them in biotechnology.