Epithelium Spermatogenic

Epithelial cells that perform functions to maintain vital functions in the ovaries and produce hormones. In the male gonads - the testes - the growth and development of male germ cells occurs. Cells of E. s. form the subepithelial layer. Under the basement membrane, paraganglionic, lie hormones that determine spermatogenesis, i.e., the development and maturation of sperm. During the entire meiotic cycle in the cells of the subepithelial layer, 3-4 nuclear divisions and more than 21 cytoplasmic divisions occur in the absence of mitotic mechanisms. During each division, kinetochores are located at the periphery of the nucleus. In parallel with the formation of new cells, the nucleus is compacted due to the replication of DNA and chromosomes based on the interaction between a number of genes.

E.s. do not regenerate in the embryonic period. After the meiotic act, the nucleus undergoes heterochromatization (a so-called heteroploid block is formed). Over time, E. s., which have lost their nucleus, become part of the supporting vascular element.