Hypothermia Artificial Local

Artificial local hypothermia: Study and application of tissue cooling procedures

Introduction

Artificial local hypothermia, also known as hypothermia artificialis localis, is a procedure for lowering tissue temperature in a specific area of ​​the body in order to achieve specific therapeutic effects. This cooling method is being actively researched and used in medical practice for various medical purposes. In this article we will consider the principles, advantages and potential areas of application of artificial local hypothermia.

Principles of artificial local hypothermia

Artificial local hypothermia is based on the use of low temperatures to cool certain areas of the body. This can be achieved using a variety of methods, including the use of cold air, liquids or special devices that can create a cooling effect. The goal of the procedure is to reduce the temperature of the tissue in the target area, which can lead to a number of beneficial effects.

Advantages of artificial local hypothermia

Artificial local hypothermia has several advantages that make it an attractive method in various fields of medicine. First, tissue cooling can reduce metabolic activity and oxygen consumption.

Hypothermia is the process of artificially cooling the human body below the level at which heat production ceases.

With hypothermia, body temperature decreases, more significantly than in tissues. Since in humans blood flows from the internal organs to vital organs, the overall temperature drops faster than the temperature of the tissues, primarily in the internal organs. This is facilitated by the redistribution of blood throughout the body. With hypotension, the skin temperature often drops to -5 degrees, which is associated with the redistribution of blood to the heart.

After the end of artificial hypothermia, the patient’s body temperature gradually rises over several hours and reaches normal values. The recovery criterion is an increase in skin temperature of at least three degrees compared to the previous level.

The term “artificial hypothermia” (in foreign literature - “hyphrthmia”) includes methods of prolonging clinical death and lowering the temperature of the deep tissues of the body, such as capillary, local and general hypothermia.

They can be caused by a variety of agents (eg, chilled air), but are almost always combined with another method of prolonging the time of clinical death (often pharmacological protection and/or protection by limiting cerebral perfusion). Cooling can be used to slow the hypergression associated with surgery for profound anesthetic risks.

The main methods of general hypothermia (body temperature up to 26-28 ° C and below).

**Patient saliva in direct projection**

*Cooling the body in the pool.* This is a simple method that is widely used mainly in Russian medical institutions. The method involves quickly placing sheets on the patient's body, which have been previously treated in a heated and well-humidified room, and then lowering them with the patient into a large pool or bathtub filled with cold water. Keep the pool water temperature as low as possible to speed up its cooling. Cold water does not cause immediate injury to the central nervous system, but it may fragility the lung tissue, as well as the risk of blood clots and other complications, especially in older patients.

*Use of a cold source.* The cooling technique by applying cold compresses allows you to maintain a low body temperature for a long period of time. The cooling source is cooled and then placed on the surface of the chest and upper abdomen. To maintain hypothermia, the surface of the source is periodically touched with cold fingers, quickly moving sequentially from one part of the body to another (chest, abdomen, limbs, back and head). After this, the cooling source is removed. Then you need to change the compress, apply another one to other parts of the body and perform the procedure again, spending less time changing the compress than during the first manipulation. The cooling agent may be ice wrapped in a cloth; weighted water or frozen material stored refrigerated, for example in a thermos with liquid nitrogen. *Method of immersion in an ice bath for hypothermia.* This method is performed only in an office equipped for this purpose. Typically, small home cooling devices are used that are designed to cool the human body to an acceptable depth. The bathroom includes several deep bathtubs with cold water to provide hypothermia