Hyperchromatism

Hyperchromatism (from the Greek hyper - excessive and chromatos - stained) is the property of the nuclei of some cells to be stained more intensely than usual during histological staining.

Hyperchromatism is observed in tumor cells, as well as in cells in a state of increased division. This is due to the fact that in such cells the content of DNA and RNA is increased compared to normal differentiated cells.

When histological preparations are stained with hematoxylin and eosin, hyperchromatic nuclei are stained dark blue or violet. Nuclear hyperchromatism is one of the signs of tumor malignancy.

Thus, hyperchromatism reflects increased functional activity of the nucleus and serves as an important diagnostic sign in microscopic examination of tissues.

Hyperchromatism is a phenomenon that can be dangerous and requires constant attention from oncologists. One of the main factors influencing the occurrence of hyperchromatic anomalies is cancerous tumors. They have the unique ability to change the color of their nuclei (areas containing genetic information), which become much brighter and more colorful. These changes cause surrounding cells to lose their normal structure and begin to grow in unpredictable directions. This can lead to the formation of new tumors or the spread of an existing tumor.

To determine the presence of hyperchromatic cancer, your doctor may order a diagnosis based on tissue samples, such as a biopsy. In this process, a specialist examines the features of the structure and color of cells, as well as their location and shape. If the doctor detects changes that indicate the presence of a hyperchromatic tumor, then he prescribes additional treatment aimed at reducing the size and effect of the tumor on the patient’s body.

Hyperchromatic is a form of the general term hypochromic, and is used to refer to all cells that stain more intensely than normal cells. Hyperchromatization is due to the properties of the nucleus, the chromatids of which are colored the same color as the chromatids of the chromosomes.

In many ways, hyperchromatic cells constitute a special group of tumor elements. Tumors are manifested by heterogeneous cellular elements, some of which may be hyperchromatic. In most cases, the described cells have a complex morphology, unique shape and size, but in some cases, cytogenetic examination suggests the development of a malignant process. In addition, signs of structural transformation of the cytoskeleton of tumor cells are detected.

The exact reason for the development

Hyperchromatization is a change in cell color. This disease is expressed in the fact that some cells can stain the walls of blood vessels much darker or lighter than usual. Such changes can be caused by certain pathologies of internal organs. Hyperchromatic syndromes arise as a result of various processes and diseases, such as increased intracranial pressure, traumatic brain injury, brain aneurysm, etc. When diagnosing, there is a need for neuroimaging (x-ray of the skull, computed tomography). It is worth considering that hyperchromatization can be associated not only with pathological processes in the brain, but also with individual characteristics of a person. This is especially true for character traits, for example, melancholicity.