Coma Hungry

A disease that combines severe exhaustion and impaired electrolyte metabolism with mass malnutrition. It develops when there is insufficient supply of nutrients to the body for a long time or with a sharp reduction in calorie intake. Fasting primarily leads to rapid weight loss; adipose tissue decreases, while the formation of glucose in the liver is impaired. The synthesis of protein, especially nucleic acids, enzyme systems and structural proteins responsible for the vital functions of the body, decreases sharply, and the function of the central nervous system is inhibited. The concentration of ammonia in the blood increases, the content of lactic acid, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and other electrolytes increases. Clinical manifestations. During the advanced stage of fasting, there is a sharp pallor of the skin and visible mucous membranes, the skin turgor decreases (Fig.), a venous pattern appears early, the nail phalanges thicken, pain occurs in the muscles and joints, there is a sunken tongue of a dark red color (“covered” with plaque) ). Muscle weakness is pronounced, sometimes cramps may develop, the pulse becomes rare and small, blood pressure drops, miosis is noted, and heart rhythm disturbances may develop. Body temperature drops to 35°C, diuresis decreases, swelling of the subcutaneous tissue and vascular thrombosis appear. The severity of the degree of fasting depends on the type of fasting. Subtypes of fasting Fasting causes profound changes in the body's metabolism. These changes can be short-term and reversible if the patient's food situation improves, and long-lasting when conditions change.