Lowmolecular-Weight Heparin

Low molecular weight heparin is a type of heparin that is better absorbed by the human body and requires less frequent use than regular heparin, used as an anticoagulant to prevent the formation of intravenous blood clots after surgery or during kidney dialysis . Its use also reduces the risk of bleeding in the patient. One of the drugs containing this type of heparin is enoxaparin.

Low molecular weight heparin is produced by controlled chemical or enzymatic breakdown of regular heparin molecules. Compared with unfractionated heparin, it has a more predictable anticoagulant effect, a lower incidence of hemorrhagic complications and thrombocytopenia.

Low molecular weight heparin is prescribed for the prevention and treatment of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, acute coronary syndrome, and also as an anticoagulant in extracorporeal circulation and hemodialysis.

Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) is a type of heparin that is more easily absorbed by the body and requires less frequent use than regular heparins used to prevent intravenous thrombosis after surgery or during hemodialysis.

LMWH contains heparin molecules with shorter chains, making it more bioavailable and allowing it to be used less frequently than regular heparin. Additionally, LMWH has a lower molecular weight, which means it does not affect blood clotting as much as regular heparin and can be used to reduce the risk of bleeding in patients.

One example of LMWH is enoxaparin, which is used to treat pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, and other conditions. Enoxaparin is available as an injection or tablet and may be used less frequently than regular heparin.

Although LMWH is more bioavailable and less harmful to the body than regular heparins, they can still cause side effects such as nausea, vomiting, headache and allergic reactions. Therefore, before starting treatment with LMWH, you should consult your doctor and follow all instructions for use.

Heparin is a drug from the group of anticoagulants, the main mechanism of action of which is associated with preventing the formation of the factor Xa binding complex with Factors V and II. The anticoagulant effect is mainly due to its effect on the production of thrombin B.

In human plasma, heparin is formed by the degradation of profibrinolysin by antithrombin III. The use of drugs in some cases may be affected by disturbances in the synthesis, secretion and function of natural inhibitors of blood coagulation factors. Blood coagulation factors that potentiate the pharmacological effects of heparin include antiphospholipid antibodies, circulating immune complexes, some drugs such as verapamil and nifedipine, and ethyl alcohol.

It is produced from the blood of cattle by precipitation of heparin-like substances with trichloroacetic acid or acetic anhydride, followed by their oxidation. Genin, a glycosaminoglycan from the mucous membrane of the small intestine of cattle, is also used. The resulting product is purified from adsorbed substances using salting out methods. Using ion exchange chromatography, three fractions of genin are obtained, from which heparan and low-polymer glycosaminoglycans are isolated