Psycholinguistics

Psycholinguistics is a scientific discipline that studies the psychological and linguistic aspects of language and communication. It combines research conducted in the fields of psychology and linguistics.

Psycholinguistics studies how people process, store, reproduce, and use language, and what factors influence these processes. She explores how language influences people's thinking and behavior, and how thinking and behavior influence language.

One of the key concepts of psycholinguistics is the concept of language ability. Language ability is a person's ability to create, understand and use language. It includes knowledge of grammar, vocabulary and phonetics of the language, as well as the ability to use this knowledge in the communication process.

Psycholinguistics also studies phenomena such as metalinguistic knowledge, the influence of context on the understanding and use of words, and the influence of cultural and social factors on communication.

Research in psycholinguistics has practical implications for many fields such as education, medicine, law and marketing. They help improve understanding of language and its use in different contexts, which can lead to improved communication and increased work efficiency.

Thus, psycholinguistics is an important scientific discipline that helps to better understand language and communication, as well as apply this knowledge in practical areas.

Psychological linguistics is the science of the origin of language, closely related to linguistics. Despite the fact that psycholinguistic processes are present in all types of speech activity (perception, generation and understanding of speech), the most important object of study is the generation of speech in conditions of written and oral communication. Some problems of psycholinguistics are close to problems of speech psychology; others are close to linguistics. However, a deeper penetration into them is possible only by combining the efforts of specialists from these two scientific disciplines, which requires agreement on the general methodological principles of the study. Among the main problems of psycholinguistic analysis, the attention of researchers is drawn to understanding the meanings of language units (individual words and expressions). The connection between the generation of speech and its perception with the relationship between the speaker and the listener and their characteristics is obvious. The system of memory and attention plays a major role in speech activity. Research shows the existence of mechanisms for monitoring and assessing speech actions (both on the part of the speaker and the listener), ways to eliminate them and correct them if necessary. An important problem in psycholinguistics is the study of factors that cause disruptions or impede the development of the speech mechanism. This may be information overload caused by the desire to process and use multiple sources of information, age and other personality characteristics, as well as individual errors in the choice of verbal behavior. Based on the study of such situations, methods of teaching various types of speech activity are being developed. In this case, the object of analysis is the success of communicative acts and programs for optimizing speech interaction are created.