Pyohemothorax

Pyohemathorax is an infectious exudative pleurisy, in which, due to injury to the capillaries, an inflammatory process develops against the background of a hematoma of the mediastinal pleura and parietal pleura. The diagnosis is established based on the results of a laboratory and instrumental examination of the patient. Treatment is predominantly conservative, aimed at sanitizing the source of infection, relieving distress syndrome, and preventing bacterial complications. Restoration of impaired functions without the active participation of the respiratory muscles is impossible

** Pyohematoma of the breast**

Pyohemothorax is an acute inflammatory disease, which is characterized by the presence of purulent-fibrinous effusion in the pleural cavity with purulent pleurisy or exudative pleurisy involving the pleura in the inflammatory process. There is also an opinion that pyohemorthorax should include any accumulations of purulent transudate in the pleura with the development of a characteristic clinical picture and the impossibility of revising the descriptions of pleural punctures by other specialists. Other authors consider this formulation incorrect, since such a definition does not at all correspond to the definition of blood and pleurisy.

Most often occurs in patients suffering from chronic infectious lung diseases. The etiological factor is anaerobic microorganisms (anaerobes, non-clostridial forms) and Staphylococcus aureus. Cases of suppuration of empyema caused by Bacteroides fragilis, Streptococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa have been described. As a rule, sources of purulent emphysema are chronic lung abscess, bronchiectasis, cavernous sinus, and tumor. The most typical pathogens appear after a preliminary weakening of the body’s local and general immunological defenses. This protective reaction develops after taking medications that can reduce immunological defense, such as steroid drugs, immunosuppressants, and antihistamines. During pyohematoma, three stages are distinguished: anaerobic, aerobic and putrefactive.