Scarlet fever Ranevaya

Scarlet wound. - etiological factor – group A streptococcus. People who have close contact with the patient get sick more often. Having entered the body from a wound as a result of a scratch from an animal or plant, the streptococcal infection penetrates the stratum corneum of the skin and under the upper layer of the epidermis, where it can persist for a long time. There, microbes multiply and form an infectious mass, which through damaged skin penetrates again into the depths of the skin or into internal organs. From these places, the pathogen penetrates into the lymphatic vessels, and then through the blood into the bone marrow, mediastinum and through the lymphatic vessels into the regional lymph nodes. An inflammation process occurs in the lymph nodes, which is caused by the release of a specific microbial poison in them.\n\nInfection penetrates into deep tissues when bones are fractured, joint dislocations, or gunshot wounds. Once in the blood, microorganisms are released into the reticuloendothelial system, where they are selectively destroyed. Inflammation penetrates to some organs hematogenously from distant organs, such as the heart and lungs. Most forms of scarlet fever manifest suddenly. Fever is a characteristic sign of the disease, but not for all patients. Thus, an acute course is observed in children under 3 years of age, when the pathological process is caused primarily by immunogenic defense mechanisms. With age, the level of cellular antibodies that have a bactericidal effect decreases, and the infection penetrates primarily into lymphoid tissues, causing local inflammation. Fever occurs on average on days 3–5 of illness. An increase in body temperature naturally leads to the activation of the thermoregulation center in the brain, which begins to reduce heat production in the hypothalamus, increasing heat transfer to the peripheral parts. Wound and scarlet fever are characterized by the presence of a “three-day” temperature - a period of temperature decrease on days 6–8 of illness and a new increase to initial values ​​on days 9–11 of illness.\n\nThe febrile stage lasts 7–12 days. 2 - 4 weeks after the disappearance of the fever, a fading of symptoms due to the general infectious process is observed:\n\n* the patient’s condition improves \n* appetite appears, characteristic of each clinical form of the disease.