Serpiginous hemangioma

Hemangiomas are one of the most common benign skin tumors, accounting for 0.1 to 9% of all skin diseases. Hemangiomas account for up to 40% (especially in childhood and adolescence) of all soft tissue tumors. Hemangiomas are more common in females with a predominance in the group of children under 5 years of age. In children, the first neoplasms appear in the 2-3rd year of life. Currently, more than 13 types of these vascular formations, known as nodes, have been identified: classic nodular, cavernous, juvenile, cavernous-papilomatous, stony-diathesis, leaf-shaped, soft papillomas, peripheral membranes of long tubular bones (osteomyelofibrous tumor), wandering, rare ( behavioral), pigmented, forms of “sun” burns. Its true mechanism of occurrence, as well as the cause, remains unknown. Congenital tumors with a similar feature are quite rare in the human population. This type of hemangiomas can be inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Although patients with this type have tumor formations of varying sizes, the nodes are always located asymmetrically. These are typical multiple focal perivascular growths of a fibrotic nature, forming huge, large, dense, often soft or elastic (stony density) nodes to the touch. More often they cover the skin of the face symmetrically or asymmetrically, found mainly on the skin of the face and neck, and sometimes other parts of the body. Often the disease is bilateral in nature and there is a pronounced gradient in the size of the nodules, most often located along the periphery, less in the central zone of the hemangin, more under the skin in close proximity to the superficial veins and capillaries. Hemangina is quite often referred to as affecting the whole complex of tissues that make up the dermis, up to the subcutaneous tissue. The appearance of nodules is carried out mainly by expanding and filling part of the intervascular spaces, which lose their ability to protect the capillaries from traumatic influences. With frequent, too often repeated overstretching of the intercapillary spaces, hemanginosis develops. Soreness is usually absent or barely noticeable. Some patients note that when they feel the tumors, they are painless, but a “pulsating heat” appears. The size of the nodes can be different: individual elements can be about a centimeter or more; in some cases - from several millimeters to centimeters. Formations of multiple nodules arranged in the form of mesh-tuber-shaped figures. There are giant knots. The color of the nodules may be black the entire surface), brown and even blue (in varying degrees of darkening); consistency varies from soft to rocky. The surface of the nodules is covered with epidermal elements or has a connective tissue plaque (hyperkeratosis, fibrosis), small round white purulent discharge may form, and peeling appears, especially in older people. Usually skin color is above above