Osteomyelosclerosis

Osteomyelitis: etiology, pathogenesis, clinical picture, diagnosis, treatment.

Osteomyelitis is a purulent inflammation of the bone marrow, accompanied by damage to the periosteum, bone and surrounding soft tissue. Acute simple osteomyelitis occurs as a result of direct infection of the bone marrow by Staphylococcus aureus. This form of the disease is typical for children under three years of age. A local focus of inflammation is characterized by the presence of a Gunther's abscess, in which the pathogen is poorly represented or absent. Its cavity contains purulent liquid of straw or yellowish color. A purulent fistula forms at the bottom of the abscess. The visceral form of osteomyelitis develops as a complication of sepsis. The location of purulent infiltration is the medulla of long bones. This affects the outer surfaces of the thigh, lower leg, shoulder and ilium. Characterized by severe intoxication, as well as changes in the kidneys. A special type of osteomyelitis is tubercula

Osteomyelitis is inflammation of the bones and bone marrow. Diagnosis: signs of skeletal damage, destructive changes identified during X-ray examination of patients, the presence of signs of chronic inflammation. The diagnosis is confirmed by the detection of osteoblast foci and pronounced fields of lymphocytes during a cytological examination of the bone marrow. Osteomyelitis is characterized by a change in the X-ray picture and the absence of callus. There are pre- and post-traumatic osteomyelitis, specific infectious osteomyelitis (tuberculous, syphilitic, brucellosis).

Osteomyelpa of tuberculosis of bones and joints, developing as a result of the direct introduction of mycobacteria tuberculosis bacillus into the bone, as a result of their primary hematogenous penetration. At the site of penetration, an inflammatory infiltrate occurs with resorption phenomena. Microorganisms penetrate during accidental wounds and surgical interventions. The incubation period is 2–3 months, the duration of the disease is 6–12 months. The chronic course of the process is often observed.

Victims complain of pain and swelling in the area of ​​inflammation, bone deformation, and limited mobility. The skin over the lesion site is hyperemic, sometimes with a pronounced venous pattern. Characterized by elevated body temperature and enlarged lymph nodes. Complications: abscesses, cellulitis, false joints, bone cracks, chronic inflammation, aseptic necrosis. Treatment: antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, an orthopedic bandage is indicated.

Surgical treatment for purulent otitis is an incision of the eardrum and drainage of its cavity or opening of the antrum. The general method of treatment includes physiotherapeutic procedures, use of a hearing aid, detoxification treatment, and vitamin therapy.