Substance Concentration

Substance concentration

The concentration of a substance is a value indicating the amount of a given substance per unit mass or volume of a solution or mixture.

Concentration characterizes the degree of saturation of a solution or mixture with a dissolved substance and allows you to compare different solutions and mixtures in terms of substance content.

There are several ways to express concentration:

1. Mass fraction is the ratio of the mass of the solute to the total mass of the solution.

2. Molar concentration is the number of moles of solute in 1 liter of solution.

3. Molal concentration is the number of moles of solute in 1 kg of solvent.

4. Titer - the number of grams of a substance in 1 ml of solution.

Concentration allows you to determine the composition of the solution and calculate the amounts of starting substances to prepare a solution of the required concentration. Knowledge of concentration is necessary in the chemical industry, pharmaceuticals, food industry and other fields.

The concentration of a substance is the proportion of a given substance (component) per unit volume or mass of a solution (or mixture). Concentration is usually measured in fractions of a unit, such as percent or ppm (one hundredth part).

Depending on the properties of the components of the solution and the specific research problem, the method of expressing concentration that is most suitable for it is selected. For example, for the concentration of potassium ions in the blood, the concentration eq/l can be used, and for the same ions in an electrolyte solution, the concentration meq/l will be most appropriate.

Let us assume that there is a mixture of the following substances: water, oil and sugar. This mixture can be