Thalassemia

Thalassemia is a common genetic disease characterized by an enlarged spleen and liver, anemia, jaundice and other symptoms. Thalassemia causes a blood disorder in which the bone marrow produces abnormal red blood cells that are smaller than normal. The disease can be inherited,

In this article, we will look at what thalassemia is, what symptoms the disease can present, and what treatments are available to treat it.

Thalassemia is a hereditary disease that manifests itself in the form of anemia and is characterized by a violation of the structure of hemoglobin in red blood cells. The development of thalassemia occurs due to a mutation in the gene responsible for the synthesis of hemoglobin chains, which determine the structure and function of hemoglobin. As a result, red blood cells cannot effectively bind and transport oxygen to tissues, which can lead to the development of severe symptoms such as weakness, fatigue, shortness of breath, pale skin, and others.

One of the main reasons for the development of thallasemia is genetic predisposition. People who have at least one parent with this blood disorder have an increased risk of developing thalassemia. Other risk factors include living in countries with hot and humid climates, frequent blood transfusions, and the presence of an infectious disease.

The symptoms of thalassemia are known, but in most cases the diagnosis is made only after laboratory testing. Some of the most common symptoms include decreased hemoglobin and anemia, enlarged liver and spleen, fatigue/weight loss syndrome, and an enlarged lymphatic system.

Depending on the form, severity and combination of symptoms, treatment for thalassemia can be long-term and include taking iron supplements, thyroid hormones or other medications. For people suffering from thalsasemia, it is especially important to follow the rules of a healthy lifestyle, lead an active life, monitor their health, carry out timely treatment measures and undergo the necessary examinations.