Lyell S Disease

Lyell's Disease

Lyell's disease is an acute autoimmune skin disease characterized by extensive necrosis of the epidermis and detachment of the epidermis from the dermis. The disease is named after the English dermatologist Alan Lyell, who first described it in 1956.

Lyell's disease usually begins acutely with fever, chills and general malaise. Then erythematous spots appear on the skin, which quickly turn into blisters filled with serous or hemorrhagic contents. The bubbles burst, revealing extensive eroded areas. Epidermal necrosis covers more than 30% of the skin surface.

The causes of the disease are not completely clear. It is assumed that it develops against the background of an autoimmune reaction directed against basal keratinocytes. Factors that provoke Lyell's disease can be viral infections, medications, and malignant tumors.

Treatment includes discontinuation of potentially harmful drugs, infusion therapy, and administration of immunosuppressants. The prognosis depends on the area of ​​skin damage and may be unfavorable due to the risk of developing infectious complications and disturbances in water and electrolyte balance. The mortality rate for Lyell's disease ranges from 20 to 30%.

Lyell's Disease

Lyell's disease is a rare autoimmune skin disease characterized by a detachment of the epidermis (upper layer of skin) from the dermis (underlying layer).

Causes

The exact cause of Lyell's disease is unknown. It is thought to occur due to an abnormal immune response to some stimulus, such as an infection, drug or chemical. This response results in damage to the basal layer of the epidermis.

Symptoms

1. Rapidly progressive redness and peeling of the skin, turning into massive detachment of the epidermis
2. Exposing areas of the dermis
3. Severe pain and burning of the affected areas
4. Fever, chills, weakness

Complications

Sepsis, water-electrolyte imbalance, and problems with thermoregulation due to loss of the protective function of the skin are possible.

Diagnostics

The diagnosis is made based on the clinical picture and skin biopsy results.

Treatment

1. Admission to the intensive care unit
2. Intravenous fluids and electrolytes
3. Local treatment of affected areas
4. Immunosuppressants to suppress the autoimmune response
5. Antibiotics to prevent infections

The prognosis with timely treatment is usually favorable, but relapses are possible.

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