Choledochotomy

Choledochotomy: what is it and when is it used?

Choledochotomy is a surgical procedure that is used to remove stones and tumors from the common bile duct, which connects the gallbladder to the duodenum. Also, choledochotomy can be used to remove other obstructions that may interfere with the normal flow of bile.

A choledochotomy is performed by making an incision in the bile duct, which allows the surgeon to remove the obstruction from the duct. Once the obstruction is removed, the bile duct closes and the patient may need some time to recover.

Choledochotomy may be necessary if a patient has stones in the bile duct that cannot be removed by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). This procedure allows the surgeon to insert an endoscope into the bile ducts through the mouth and remove the stones, but sometimes this is not possible due to the size or location of the stones.

In addition, choledochotomy may be necessary if the patient has a tumor in the common bile duct. This procedure can be used to remove the tumor and restore normal bile flow.

Choledochotomy, like any other surgical procedure, may be associated with the risk of complications such as bleeding, infection, and organ dysfunction. Therefore, before deciding to undergo choledochotomy, the patient should discuss all possible risks and side effects with the surgeon.

In general, choledochotomy is an effective procedure for removing stones and tumors from the common bile duct when other methods, such as ERCP, have failed. However, when deciding to undergo choledochotomy, it is necessary to consider all the risks and side effects in order to make the most informed choice.

Choledochotomy (ancient Greek χολή - bile, liquid + ancient Greek τόμος - cutting), or cholecystojejunostomy is a surgical operation to divide the bile duct into two anatomical segments by vertically dissecting its wall with subsequent anastomosis between them.

Anastomosis can be divided into external (creating an external outflow of bile), with the ducts of the abdominal organs (covering an already existing defect in the opening of the extrahepatic bile ducts), internal (connecting the ruptured bile duct with a continuous tunnel in the thickness of the abdominal wall) and combined (combining the varieties of the above). Approaches for performing the operation can be external or internal, single (carried out from a single incision), alternative (combining the median and retroduodenal incisions) and medial (carried out from a minilaparotomy approach).

Choledocholithotomy or cholecystocholedochojejunostomy drainage is performed when the bile duct is blocked by solid particles.

Choledotomy is a medical procedure that involves opening the gallbladder or its ducts for the purpose of diagnosing or treating various diseases associated with this area of ​​the body. This is a minimally invasive operation that is performed using endoscopic technology.

Indications for choledotomy can be different, for example, obstructive jaundice, blockage of the bile ducts with stones, tumors, infections, etc. In the case of obstructive jaundice, the patient may suffer from severe pain and weight loss, as well as changes in the functioning of other organs and systems of the body. A blocked bile duct can lead to digestive problems and poor absorption of food, causing fatigue and weakness. Tumors and infections can also damage the gallbladder and its ducts, leading to serious consequences and requiring surgery.

Before undergoing a choledotomy procedure, the patient undergoes a series of examinations, including laboratory blood tests and an ultrasound of the abdominal cavity. Surgeons choose the best approach for each specific case, guided by the patient's medical data and health complaints. During the operation, an endoscope is used and inserted into the abdominal cavity through a small incision or accessible location, such as a surgical opening in the abdomen. The endoscope allows you to see the internal organs and ducts of the gallbladder, and then the surgeon makes an incision and carefully widens the hole so that stones can be removed, bile ducts removed, or other necessary manipulations.

One of the main advantages of choledotomy is that it allows for accurate and complete diagnosis and treatment of the disease with minimal risks for the patient. The operation usually takes a short time and allows surgeons to identify the primary cause of the problem and take all necessary measures to eliminate it. The risks associated with the procedure are quite small, since modern methods of anesthesia and organ protection can reduce these risks to a minimum.

However, it should be borne in mind that before choledotomy, it is necessary to accurately establish the diagnosis and conduct a thorough diagnosis in order to avoid the risk of complications. Therefore, if you