Encephalomeningocele

Encephalomeningocele is a congenital neurodevelopmental defect in which the brain tissue and meninges extend beyond the skull and form a bulge on the surface of the head. This can be caused by various factors such as genetic abnormalities, infections during pregnancy or other diseases.

Symptoms of encephalomeningocele can vary and depend on the size and location of the defect. The most common symptoms are headache, vomiting, seizures, loss of vision and hearing, and loss of coordination. There may also be changes in the child's behavior, such as hyperactivity, depression, or aggression.

Treatment for encephalomeningocele is usually performed with surgery. The operation consists of removing the protrusion and closing the defect to prevent further development of the disease. After the operation, the child should be under the supervision of a neurologist to monitor the development of the disease and prevent possible complications.

In general, encephalomeningoceles are complex and life-threatening diseases that require timely and correct treatment. Parents should be attentive to the signs of these diseases and consult a doctor at the first symptoms.

**Encephalomeningcephaliocele** or encephalopachyriacele, as well as perineviocele or pauloviocele, is a term used to describe defects in various parts of the brain and spinal cord as a result of various causes, including genetic ones. Diagnosed more often in children than in adults.

During intrauterine development, the human embryo is formed from two sources: neuroectoderm (neural tube) and mesoderm. That is, 3 primary layers of tissue from which the neural tube, mesoderm and somites are formed. The developing mesoderm gives rise to the notochord, somites, ligaments and blood vessels. Already at this stage, genetic and embryonic disorders are possible, leading to the appearance of defects similar in symptoms and appearance to encephalocele. Unfortunately, it is not always possible to determine the nature of the origin of this pathology. Diagnosis is made using MRI. An important stage of diagnosis is a thorough description of the shape, size