Neuroblastomas

Neuroblastomas arise in the sympathetic nerves and ganglia, as well as in the adrenal medulla. Most often they develop in the area of ​​the adrenal glands and underlying tissues, then from the ganglia of the neck, posterior mediastinum, retroperitoneum and abdominal cavity. This form accounts for up to 10% of all malignant tumors of childhood.

60% of these tumors are diagnosed before the age of 1 year, between the 1st and 2nd years of life - 26%, in children over 2 years - 14%. Neuroblastomas are highly malignant tumors that metastasize to the skeleton or liver. Metastases to the lungs are rare.

Spontaneous differentiation of this tumor into a benign neuroganglioma is possible. Markers of tumor growth are catecholamines. Combined treatment - surgery in combination with radiation and chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, adriablastine, cisplatin).

The average 3-year survival rate is 30%.