Cholangiogenic cancer

Cholangiogenic carcinoma is a malignant tumor of the epithelium of the bile ducts. The tumor occurs when blood enters the bile ducts again. This complication occurs when an infection enters an organ and causes inflammation, which in turn leads to an increase in the local immune response to the mucous membrane, which can develop into a tumor. Risk factors include Helicobacter pylori infection, gallstones (cholecystitis) and diabetes. The most common site of cholangiogenic cancer is the stomach (50% to 65% of cases), and the most common manifestation of liver cancer is ascites - a large effusion in the abdominal cavity, which is a poor prognostic sign. Because gallstones are highly mobile, bleeding occurs frequently, and approximately half of patients experience life-threatening breakthrough bleeding. When bile drains, the tumor is destroyed and decomposed, and also causes disruption in the functioning of the gallbladder and extrahepatic bile ducts. Cholangiosis cancer is a slowly progressing carcinoma that occurs at the junction of the ducts, which are formed as a result of the meeting of the bile ducts with the efferent ducts of the liver. Typically, this cancer is associated with chronic cholecystitis, which occurs mainly due to the presence of stones in the bile ducts; this also occurs in dilated/diffuse biliary tract dilatations and fibrosis. A characteristic feature is the presence of biliary diverticula, which cause ulcerative enterocolitis in the ileum or cecum. This type of carcinoma can arise from the bile ampoules, on the surface of the gallbladders, fibrous areas in the intestine, or even from the externally left neck of the gallbladder and bile duct. This type of carcinoma develops mainly in large bile ampullary nodes at the junction of the hepatic and intrahepatic ducts and diffusely at the junction of the bile ducts of the liver and intestines. This tumor can be either benign or malignant. It develops only after enterocolitis or some other disease affecting the connective tissue between the glial layer and the intestinal submucosa. Sometimes this carcinomatous node is present outside the intestine, for example, in the walls of the bile-intestinal drainage channel or gallbladder.