Antique Oagulants (Heparin, Dicumarin, Fe-Nilin, etc.)

Anticoagulants are medications that are used to prevent and treat thromboembolic complications. They can be indirect (Dicumarin, Phenprocoumon, Warfarin) and direct (Heparin, Fondaparinux, Dabigatran). Despite their usefulness in medical practice, anticoagulants can cause severe side effects, including hemorrhagic complications.

Heparin is one of the most widely used anticoagulants. It acts to activate factor X, which leads to a decrease in blood clotting. But with an overdose of heparin or if it is used incorrectly, a hemorrhagic complication can occur, which is manifested by bleeding of various locations. In case of an overdose of heparin, it is recommended to administer protamine sulfate, which forms a complex with heparin and neutralizes its effect.

Dicumarin and Phenprocoumon are also indirect anticoagulants that affect the synthesis of blood coagulation factors in the liver. An overdose of these drugs may cause bleeding, which can be stopped by administering vitamin K (Vicasol).

Fe-Nilin (phenyltolyl urea) is one of the first anticoagulants that was used in medicine. It has an effect on platelets and reduces their aggregation. But Fe-Nilin is rarely used in modern medicine due to low efficiency and high toxicity.

If hemorrhagic complications occur when using anticoagulants, immediate action must be taken. In severe cases, replacement blood transfusion may be required, as well as the use of aminocaproic acid. Transfusion of antihemophilic plasma and blood transfusions are also recommended if indicated.

In conclusion, anticoagulants are important medications in medical practice, but their use must be carefully controlled due to the high risk of side effects. In the event of hemorrhagic complications, it is necessary to urgently take action and carry out appropriate treatment.